Species · warm-season grass

Little bluestem

Schizachyrium scoparium

Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) is the most widely distributed native warm-season grass in North America and the state grass of six US states. Its blue-green summer color, copper-red fall foliage, and fluffy silver seedheads make it the most visually striking bunchgrass on the prairie — and one of the most valuable for grassland birds and pollinators.

Category
warm-season grass
Mature height
2–4 ft
Moisture
Dry to dry-mesic; excellent drought tolerance
Seeding rate
2–4 PLS lb/ac in a mix; 5–7 lb/ac in a monoculture
Seeds per lb
~260,000
Native range
Native across most of North America — the state grass of six US states

Why landowners plant little bluestem

  • Bunch-forming growth creates ideal bare-ground travel lanes for quail and pheasant chicks.
  • Excellent drought tolerance — outperforms big bluestem on droughty sand and thin upland soils.
  • Winter red foliage provides year-round visual value on prairie restorations.
  • Host plant for skipper butterflies and multiple native bee species.

Site fit

Little bluestem is the go-to warm-season grass for droughty, thin, or sandy sites where big bluestem struggles. It fits CP25 shortgrass mixes across the entire Great Plains and is the backbone of Nebraska Sandhills, Kansas Flint Hills, and Loess Hills CP25 blends. On wet or heavy clay sites, drop it in favor of big bluestem or prairie cordgrass.

Establishment

Little bluestem seed is chaffy but flows better than big bluestem or Indiangrass. Drill at 1/8 to 1/4 inch or broadcast with firm cultipacking. Germination is 2–3 weeks in warm soil; first-year growth is slow, with visible tillering in year two.

Management

Prescribed burn on a 3–4 year rotation in late spring (mid-April to early May) keeps stands vigorous. Little bluestem tolerates rotational grazing well after year three.

CRP practice fit

CP25

Primary short grass in Great Plains and shortgrass CP25 mixes.

CP42

Standard nesting-cover grass in pollinator mixes at 1–2 lb/ac.

CP33

Anchor grass in bobwhite quail edge buffers.

CP2

Common component of Great Plains permanent native grass CP2.

Featured mixes with little bluestem

Pairs well with

Sideoats grama · Prairie dropseed · Purple prairie clover · Butterfly milkweed

Frequently asked questions

Is little bluestem the same as big bluestem?

No — they're related but different species. Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium) is a 2–4 ft bunchgrass suited to dry sites; big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) is a 4–8 ft grass that prefers mesic soils. Most quality CRP mixes contain both.

Will little bluestem grow on sand?

Yes — it is one of the best native grasses for droughty sand and thin upland soils. Nebraska Sandhills and Loess Hills CP25 mixes rely on it as the primary warm-season grass.

Related species