Species library

Native prairie species guide

The prairie grasses and forbs that anchor quality CRP seed mixes. Each profile covers habit, seeding rate, CP practice fit, establishment, and the mixes that feature it.

Native grasses

Big bluestem
Andropogon gerardii

The signature warm-season grass of the tallgrass prairie; deep-rooted, drought-hardy, and wildlife-friendly.

Read profile →
Blue grama
Bouteloua gracilis

Drought-proof shortgrass anchor for High Plains CRP acres.

Read profile →
Buffalograss
Bouteloua dactyloides

Sod-forming shortgrass that carpets dry western ground and survives on 12 inches of rain.

Read profile →
Canada wildrye
Elymus canadensis

Native cool-season nurse grass that stabilizes a seeding in year one without long-term competition.

Read profile →
Green needlegrass
Nassella viridula

Native cool-season bunchgrass that greens up early and holds clay soils.

Read profile →
Indiangrass
Sorghastrum nutans

The 'third grass' of the tallgrass prairie big-three — deep golden seedheads and reliable mesic-site establishment.

Read profile →
Little bluestem
Schizachyrium scoparium

The signature short-to-mid warm-season grass — drought-hardy, wildlife-friendly, and the aesthetic anchor of most CP25 shortgrass mixes.

Read profile →
Needle-and-thread
Hesperostipa comata

Drought-hardy native cool-season bunchgrass for the dry northern and western Plains.

Read profile →
Prairie cordgrass
Spartina pectinata

The tall, rhizomatous grass of wet prairie and wetland buffers.

Read profile →
Prairie dropseed
Sporobolus heterolepis

Fine-textured remnant-quality bunchgrass that signals a high-conservation-value planting.

Read profile →
Prairie sandreed
Calamovilfa longifolia

Aggressive rhizomatous sand binder — the first choice for blowout repair.

Read profile →
Sand bluestem
Andropogon hallii

The tall grass that anchors blowing sand where big bluestem cannot grow.

Read profile →
Sand lovegrass
Eragrostis trichodes

Fast-establishing sand stabilizer with fine, airy seedheads and high palatability.

Read profile →
Sideoats grama
Bouteloua curtipendula

Mid-height bunchgrass that fills the gap between shortgrass and tallgrass on dry sites.

Read profile →
Slender wheatgrass
Elymus trachycaulus

Fast-establishing native cool-season nurse grass that tolerates salt and alkali.

Read profile →
Switchgrass
Panicum virgatum

The most adaptable warm-season grass in North America — nesting cover, biomass, filter strips, and CP2 monocultures.

Read profile →
Western wheatgrass
Pascopyrum smithii

The workhorse native cool-season grass of the Northern Plains — sod-forming, saline-tolerant, and highly reliable.

Read profile →

Native forbs

Ashy sunflower
Helianthus mollis

Drought-hardy summer sunflower with heavy pollen output and winter bird seed.

Read profile →
Black-eyed Susan
Rudbeckia hirta

Inexpensive, fast-blooming short-lived perennial that carries a planting through years one and two.

Read profile →
Blanketflower
Gaillardia aristata

Long-blooming red-and-yellow daisy that establishes fast on dry western ground.

Read profile →
Blue flax
Linum lewisii

Fast, inexpensive early-season blue bloomer for dry western plantings.

Read profile →
Butterfly milkweed
Asclepias tuberosa

The monarch host plant of choice for well-drained upland CP42 pollinator mixes.

Read profile →
Common milkweed
Asclepias syriaca

The primary monarch host plant across the Midwest breeding range.

Read profile →
Compass plant
Silphium laciniatum

Deep-rooted conservative prairie forb and a marker of high-quality reconstruction.

Read profile →
Dotted gayfeather
Liatris punctata

The dry-plains blazing star — deep taproot, late bloom, monarch fuel.

Read profile →
Golden alexanders
Zizia aurea

One of the earliest-blooming prairie forbs and a black swallowtail host plant.

Read profile →
Gray-headed coneflower (prairie coneflower)
Ratibida pinnata

Dependable mid-summer nectar forb and one of the easiest native perennials to establish.

Read profile →
Illinois bundleflower
Desmanthus illinoensis

Nitrogen-fixing native legume with high wildlife-value seed.

Read profile →
Maximilian sunflower
Helianthus maximiliani

Tall late-season sunflower that stacks nectar, seed, and winter cover in one plant.

Read profile →
New England aster
Symphyotrichum novae-angliae

Critical late-season nectar for migrating monarchs and fall bumble bee queens.

Read profile →
Northern bedstraw
Galium boreale

Early-summer white bloom for small native bees on northern mesic sites.

Read profile →
Pale purple coneflower
Echinacea pallida

Early-summer nectar anchor with drooping pale petals and a long taproot.

Read profile →
Partridge pea
Chamaecrista fasciculata

Fast-blooming annual legume that fixes nitrogen and feeds quail, bees, and butterflies.

Read profile →
Prairie blazing star
Liatris pycnostachya

Signature mid-summer monarch nectar plant and one of the most recognizable prairie forbs.

Read profile →
Prairie coneflower
Ratibida columnifera

Fast, cheap, long-blooming forb that puts color and nectar in a stand by year two.

Read profile →
Prairie sagewort
Artemisia frigida

Low silvery semi-shrub that holds thin, eroding soils in the dry western Plains.

Read profile →
Prairie smoke
Geum triflorum

One of the earliest prairie bloomers, feeding queen bumble bees in April.

Read profile →
Purple coneflower
Echinacea purpurea

The signature summer-bloom forb of pollinator and CP42 mixes — showy, hardy, and a proven monarch nectar source.

Read profile →
Purple prairie clover
Dalea purpurea

Premier native legume for pollinators — high nectar value and deep drought tolerance.

Read profile →
Rattlesnake master
Eryngium yuccifolium

Mid-summer nectar for short-tongued bees and wasps; a distinctive structural forb.

Read profile →
Rough blazing star
Liatris aspera

Late-season purple spike that fuels the monarch fall migration on dry ground.

Read profile →
Round-headed bush clover
Lespedeza capitata

Native nitrogen-fixing legume with high-value winter seed for quail and songbirds.

Read profile →
Silver sagebrush
Artemisia cana

Woody shrub component providing winter cover and sage-grouse habitat structure.

Read profile →
Sky-blue aster
Symphyotrichum oolentangiense

Final nectar source of the season on dry upland ground.

Read profile →
Stiff goldenrod
Solidago rigida

Well-behaved native goldenrod supplying heavy late-summer nectar and pollen.

Read profile →
Swamp milkweed
Asclepias incarnata

Monarch host plant for wet ground — the wet-site counterpart to butterfly milkweed.

Read profile →
White prairie clover
Dalea candida

Nitrogen-fixing native legume with high-protein forage and strong bee value.

Read profile →
Wild bergamot
Monarda fistulosa

Mid-summer nectar powerhouse for bumble bees, hummingbirds, and hawk moths.

Read profile →