Species · warm-season grass

Buffalograss

Bouteloua dactyloides

Buffalograss (Bouteloua dactyloides) is the sod-forming shortgrass of the High Plains. Spreading by stolons into a dense low turf, it survives extended drought, tolerates heavy grazing, and stabilizes soils across the semi-arid western CRP range.

Category
warm-season grass
Mature height
4–8 in
Bloom window
Seedheads June–August
Moisture
Dry; very drought-tolerant
Seeding rate
2–5 PLS lb/ac (burrs) in a mix
Seeds per lb
~56,000
Native range
Shortgrass prairie — Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Colorado, Nebraska, Wyoming

Why landowners plant buffalograss

  • Survives on as little as 12 inches of annual precipitation.
  • Stoloniferous sod resists erosion and heavy hoof traffic.
  • Almost no maintenance once established — no fertility or mowing required.
  • Standard shortgrass component in western Kansas, Colorado, and Texas CP2 mixes.

Site fit

Dry clay loams and loams in the western Plains. It underperforms on deep sand and in the humid eastern Corn Belt, where taller grasses shade it out. Pair with blue grama for the classic shortgrass pairing.

Establishment

Seed comes as burrs; treated (chemically or mechanically processed) burrs germinate far better. Plant 1/4 to 1/2 inch deep into warm soil in late spring. Stolon spread fills gaps in years two and three.

Management

Extremely grazing-tolerant — one of the few natives that persists under continuous grazing. Fire-tolerant. Needs full sun.

CRP practice fit

CP2

Base shortgrass in western native grass plantings.

CP25

Shortgrass component of dry western diversity mixes.

CP38

Low-cover habitat seedings in the southern High Plains.

Featured mixes with buffalograss

Pairs well with

Blue grama · Sideoats grama · Western wheatgrass · Prairie coneflower

Frequently asked questions

Should I buy treated buffalograss burrs?

Yes. Untreated burrs germinate slowly and unevenly. Treated or processed burrs give much more reliable stands and are worth the added cost.

Will buffalograss grow in Iowa or Illinois?

Poorly. It needs a dry, open, western climate. In the humid eastern Corn Belt, taller grasses shade it out within a couple of seasons.

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