Species · cool-season grass

Needle-and-thread

Hesperostipa comata

Needle-and-thread (Hesperostipa comata) is named for the long twisted awn trailing from each seed. A cool-season bunchgrass of dry western rangeland, it greens up early, cures well for winter forage, and holds sandy and loamy soils where moisture is short.

Category
cool-season grass
Mature height
1–3 ft
Bloom window
Seedheads May–July
Moisture
Dry, well-drained; sandy to loamy
Seeding rate
1.5–3 PLS lb/ac in a mix
Seeds per lb
~115,000
Native range
Northern and western Plains — Montana, Wyoming, the Dakotas, Colorado, Nebraska

Why landowners plant needle-and-thread

  • Early spring green-up on sites too dry for most cool-season grasses.
  • Cures standing, providing winter forage and cover value.
  • Deep fibrous roots stabilize sandy and loamy dryland soils.
  • A core native in Montana, Wyoming, and Dakotas CP2 and CP25 mixes.

Site fit

Dry, well-drained sandy loam and loam in the semi-arid Plains. Not suited to heavy wet clay or humid eastern sites. Pairs naturally with blue grama and western wheatgrass.

Establishment

Long awns tangle in drills — buy de-awned seed or use a drill with a picker-wheel seed box. Dormant fall seeding satisfies seed dormancy far better than spring seeding. Plant 1/4 to 1/2 inch deep.

Management

Graze before or after seed set: the sharp awns can injure livestock mouths and eyes during the seed-ripe window. Defer grazing during establishment. Fire-tolerant outside the boot stage.

CRP practice fit

CP2

Native cool-season component of dry western grass plantings.

CP25

Season-of-use diversity in northern mixed-grass mixes.

CP38

Dryland cover in western SAFE seedings.

Featured mixes with needle-and-thread

Pairs well with

Blue grama · Western wheatgrass · Green needlegrass · Prairie sandreed

Frequently asked questions

Do the awns cause problems for livestock?

They can during the seed-ripe window in early summer. Graze before seed heads ripen or after the awns drop.

Should I buy de-awned needle-and-thread seed?

Yes if you are drilling. Awned seed bridges and plugs conventional drills; de-awned seed flows far more reliably.

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